Waste Water and Its Recycling

Recycling wastewater is done to treat it to the point where it can be used for a variety of reasons. Reusing cleaned waste water for useful applications like agricultural and landscape irrigation, industrial activities, toilet flushing, and recharging a ground water basin is known as water recycling. Water recycling is often used interchangeably with water reclamation and water reuse. Water reuse (also known as water recycling or water reclamation) reclaims water from a variety of sources, treats it, and reuses it for a variety of applications including agriculture and irrigation, potable water supplies, groundwater replenishment, industrial processes, and environmental restoration. Water reuse can be utilised to improve water security, sustainability, and resilience by providing alternatives to existing water supply. There are two types of water reuse: planned and unplanned. Although recycled water is safe to contact, it is not suitable for drinking. For the past 40 years, recycled water has been used extensively throughout the United States, including for food crops, over ground water aquifers, and in recreational lakes, with no harmful health effects.

• (In)direct potable reuse
• Agricultural and irrigation
• Disinfection technologies
• Economic and social aspects of production and use of recycled water
• Effluent disposal to waterways
• Environmental and recreational uses
• Groundwater recharge
• Health and ecological risk analysis in water recycling applications
• Historical development of water reuse
• Industrial uses
• Landscape irrigation and other urban uses
• On-site and decentralized wastewater treatment systems
• Removal of trace organics and emerging contaminants
• The role of water reuse for integrated water resources management
• Wastewater treatment technologies
• Water reuse and future cities
• Water reuse planning, policy, monitoring requirements, and standards/criteria