Biodegradation

The biologically mediated reduction in complexity of chemical compounds is known as biodegradation. Biodegradation is the process by which living microbiological organisms break down organic molecules into smaller ones. The process of biodegradation is called "mineralization" when it is completed. In most cases, however, the term "biodegradation" refers to nearly any biologically mediated alteration in a substrate. As a result, understanding the biodegradation process necessitates knowledge of the microorganisms that make it possible. The material is transformed by microbial organisms through metabolic or enzymatic mechanisms. Growth and cometabolism are the two processes on which it is founded. The term "biodegradation" is frequently used in the context of ecology, waste management, and environmental remediation (bioremediation). The process of bioremediation can be divided into three phases or levels. First, pollutants are decreased by native microorganisms through natural attenuation, which does not require any human intervention. Second, biostimulation is used to boost the efficacy and speed up biodegradation by infusing nutrients and oxygen into the systems